13.2. Tracing Examples¶
The following example executes RTEMS trace using trace buffering for the fileio sample testcase.
13.2.1. Features¶
Tracing using trace buffering consists of the following sets of features:
Individual entry and exit records.
Task details such as CPU, current priority, real priority, task state and interrupt state.
Nano-second timestamp.
Interrupt safe buffer management.
Function argument capture.
Return value capture.
Shell command support to report to the console, save a buffer, assess status of tracing, or view buffers between specified index ranges.
13.2.2. Prerequisites¶
Setup RTEMS for the sparc/erc32 architecture-bsp pair to run the following example.
Download the fileio configuration file and store it on the top of the installed BSP’s directory.
Change the value of the keys: rtems-path and prefix according to your rtems installation. The rtems-path is the path to the bsp installation and prefix is the path to the tools used to build rtems. Also set the value of the rtems-bsp key to sparc/erc32.
13.2.3. Demonstration¶
Inside the RTEMS build directory (the directory where the fileio configuration has been stored) run the following commands to generate traces:
BSP is configured with the following command -
../rtems/configure --target=sparc-rtems6 --prefix=/development/rtems/5 \
--enable-networking --enable-tests --enable-rtemsbsp=erc32 --enable-cxx
The next two commands are used to link the fileio executable.The -B option signifies the use of the complete path to the required directory or file. Write the full path instead of the path file: sparc-rtems6/erc32/lib/ in the following commands according to your installation. Also confirm the path of the fileio’s executable and object files in the last line of the command according to your installation.
sparc-rtems6-gcc -Bsparc-rtems6/erc32/lib/ \
-qrtems -mcpu=cypress -O2 -g -ffunction-sections \
-fdata-sections -Wall -Wmissing-prototypes -Wimplicit-function-declaration \
-Wstrict-prototypes -Wnested-externs -Wl,--gc-sections -mcpu=cypress \
-o sparc-rtems5/c/erc32/testsuites/samples/fileio.exe sparc-rtems5/c/erc32/\
testsuites/samples/fileio/fileio-init.o
This is the trace linker command to generate and compile the wrapper c file for the application. The link command follows the escape sequence “–”. “-C” option denotes the name of the user configuration file and “-W” specifies the name of the wrapper c file.
rtems-tld -C fileio-trace.ini -W fileio-wrapper -- -Bsparc-rtems5/erc32/lib/ \
-qrtems -mcpu=cypress -O2 -g -ffunction-sections \
-fdata-sections -Wall -Wmissing-prototypes -Wimplicit-function-declaration \
-Wstrict-prototypes -Wnested-externs -Wl,--gc-sections -mcpu=cypress \
-o sparc-rtems5/c/erc32/testsuites/samples/fileio.exe sparc-rtems5/c/erc32/\
testsuites/samples/fileio/fileio-init.o
The following command is used to run the application. Hit enter key quickly and type “s” and “root” and “pwd” to run the rtems shell. Use the rtrace status, rtrace trace and rtrace save commands to know the status of the tracing, display the contents of the trace buffer and save the buffer to disk in the form of binary files. Use rtrace -l to list the availalble options for commands with rtrace.
sparc-rtems5-run sparc-rtems5/c/erc32/testsuites/samples/fileio.exe
The output from the above commands will be as follows:
*** BEGIN OF TEST FILE I/O ***
*** TEST VERSION: 6.0.0.de9b7d712bf5da6593386fd4fbca0d5f8b8431d8
*** TEST STATE: USER_INPUT
*** TEST BUILD: RTEMS_NETWORKING RTEMS_POSIX_API
*** TEST TOOLS: 7.3.0 20180125 (RTEMS 6, RSB a3a6c34c150a357e57769a26a460c475e188438f, Newlib 3.0.0)
Press any key to start file I/O sample (20s remaining)
Press any key to start file I/O sample (19s remaining)
Press any key to start file I/O sample (18s remaining)
Press any key to start file I/O sample (17s remaining)
Press any key to start file I/O sample (16s remaining)
Press any key to start file I/O sample (15s remaining)
Press any key to start file I/O sample (14s remaining)
=========================
RTEMS FILE I/O Test Menu
=========================
p -> part_table_initialize
f -> mount all disks in fs_table
l -> list file
r -> read file
w -> write file
s -> start shell
Enter your selection ==>s
Creating /etc/passwd and group with four useable accounts:
root/pwd
test/pwd
rtems/NO PASSWORD
chroot/NO PASSWORD
Only the root user has access to all available commands.
=========================
starting shell
=========================
Welcome to rtems-6.0.0 (SPARC/w/FPU/erc32)
COPYRIGHT (c) 1989-2008.
On-Line Applications Research Corporation (OAR).
Login into RTEMS
/dev/foobar login: root
Password:
RTEMS Shell on /dev/foobar. Use 'help' to list commands.
SHLL [/] # rtrace status
RTEMS Trace Bufferring: status
Running: yes
Triggered: yes
Level: 0%
Traces: 25
SHLL [/] # rtrace stop
RTEMS Trace Bufferring: stop
SHLL [/] # rtrace trace
RTEMS Trace Bufferring: trace
Trace buffer: 0x20921d8
Words traced: 1487
Traces: 25
0:00:40.983197010 2081910 0a010002 [ 2/ 2] > malloc((size_t) 00000130)
0:00:40.983333119 136109 0a010002 [ 2/ 2] < malloc => (void*) 0x219bb88
0:00:40.983471669 138550 0a010002 [ 2/ 2] > malloc((size_t) 00000006)
0:00:40.983606557 134888 0a010002 [ 2/ 2] < malloc => (void*) 0x219bcc0
0:00:40.983684682 78125 0a010002 [ 2/ 2] > malloc((size_t) 00000007)
0:00:40.983819569 134887 0a010002 [ 2/ 2] < malloc => (void*) 0x219bcd0
0:00:40.983909901 90332 0a010002 [ 2/ 2] > malloc((size_t) 000003fc)
0:00:40.984046620 136719 0a010002 [ 2/ 2] < malloc => (void*) 0x219bce0
0:00:40.986624137 2577517 0a010003 [200/200] > malloc((size_t) 00000080)
0:00:40.986767569 143432 0a010003 [200/200] < malloc => (void*) 0x219bce0
0:00:40.987531119 763550 0a010003 [200/200] > calloc((size_t) 00000001, (size_t) 0000005d)
0:00:40.987603751 72632 0a010003 [200/200] > malloc((size_t) 0000005d)
0:00:40.987744743 140992 0a010003 [200/200] < malloc => (void*) 0x219bce0
0:00:40.987824699 79956 0a010003 [200/200] < calloc => (void*) 0x219bce0
0:00:40.988302604 477905 0a010003 [200/200] > malloc((size_t) 00000080)
0:00:40.988446647 144043 0a010003 [200/200] < malloc => (void*) 0x219bd48
0:00:40.988667595 220948 0a010003 [200/200] > calloc((size_t) 00000001, (size_t) 00000080)
0:00:40.988740837 73242 0a010003 [200/200] > malloc((size_t) 00000080)
0:00:40.988884880 144043 0a010003 [200/200] < malloc => (void*) 0x219bdd0
0:00:40.988964836 79956 0a010003 [200/200] < calloc => (void*) 0x219bdd0
0:00:40.989042961 78125 0a010003 [200/200] > calloc((size_t) 00000001, (size_t) 00000080)
0:00:40.989110100 67139 0a010003 [200/200] > malloc((size_t) 00000080)
0:00:40.989254143 144043 0a010003 [200/200] < malloc => (void*) 0x219be58
0:00:40.989334099 79956 0a010003 [200/200] < calloc => (void*) 0x219be58
0:00:40.990118401 784302 0a010003 [200/200] > calloc((size_t) 00000001, (size_t) 00000061)
0:00:40.990176995 58594 0a010003 [200/200] > malloc((size_t) 00000061)
0:00:40.990309441 132446 0a010003 [200/200] < malloc => (void*) 0x219bd48
0:00:40.990384515 75074 0a010003 [200/200] < calloc => (void*) 0x219bd48
0:00:40.990870355 485840 0a010003 [200/200] > malloc((size_t) 00000080)
0:00:40.991011346 140991 0a010003 [200/200] < malloc => (void*) 0x219bee0
0:00:40.991227411 216065 0a010003 [200/200] > calloc((size_t) 00000001, (size_t) 00000080)
0:00:40.991296380 68969 0a010003 [200/200] > malloc((size_t) 00000080)
0:00:40.991438593 142213 0a010003 [200/200] < malloc => (void*) 0x219bf68
0:00:40.991514276 75683 0a010003 [200/200] < calloc => (void*) 0x219bf68
0:00:40.991589349 75073 0a010003 [200/200] > calloc((size_t) 00000001, (size_t) 00000080)
0:00:40.991653437 64088 0a010003 [200/200] > malloc((size_t) 00000080)
0:00:40.991794428 140991 0a010003 [200/200] < malloc => (void*) 0x219bff0
0:00:40.991871332 76904 0a010003 [200/200] < calloc => (void*) 0x219bff0
0:00:40.992283320 411988 0a010003 [200/200] > malloc((size_t) 00000008)
SHLL [/] # rtrace save fileio-trace.bin
RTEMS Trace Bufferring: trace
Trace File: fileio-trace.bin
Trace buffer: 0x20921d8
Words traced: 1487
Traces: 25
SHLL [/] #